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The identification of CRF receptor subtypes has led to
2020-12-21

The identification of CRF Agarose GPG/LMP low melt subtypes has led to a number of studies addressing its functional properties. This paper examines the evidence for CRF1 and CRF2 mediation of fear and anxiety. Recent reviews discussing specific CRF receptor functions associated with other condition
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The objective of the present
2020-12-21

The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of the CRF system in the neuroadaptations associated with nicotine dependence. To this aim, the regulation of the gene expression of CRF and its receptors was assessed in b 35 regions belonging to the reward pathway using a model of nic
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Social memory is encoded within certain
2020-12-21

Social memory is encoded within certain sites, but meaning depends upon an interpretant (such as a tourist) being able to decode the signs. Memorials, such as cemeteries, require some kind of activity by its visitors for their meanings to be activated (Hutchinson, 2009, Winter, 2010). Following Eden
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br Conclusion In conclusion our findings do not
2020-12-21

Conclusion In conclusion, our findings do not suggest that HT is an important determinant of future AD risk and are in line with a recent Cochrane review stating that HT is not indicated for preventing dementia or cognitive decline in postmenopausal women [13]. Contributors Conflict of inte
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br Effects of estrogens on
2020-12-21

Effects of estrogens on bone Estrogens play an important role in bone remodeling, as demonstrated by studies in mice in which the ER genes were deleted [21], [22]. ERβ compensates for the Z-FA-FMK of ERα, and vice versa, but when both ERs are deleted a profound decrease in trabecular bone volume
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br Management of Hypertension The aim of treating
2020-12-21

Management of Hypertension The aim of treating HT is to reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes: mainly coronary artery disease, stroke, and death. For this reason, the decision whether to initiate pharmacological treatment or not will depend not only on BP values, but also on the over
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br Materials and methods br
2020-12-18

Materials and methods Results Discussion In particular, we showed that pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor AdipoRon recognize cAMP as a stimulatory signal for cell proliferation. Conversely, cAMP was found to have an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation in bronchial carcinoids cells. The di
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Biochemically the primary function of PPIP
2020-12-18

Biochemically, the primary function of PPIP5K2 is 1-kinase-mediated phosphorylation of 5-IP7 to form 1,5-IP8 (Shears, 2018). To a lesser extent, PPIP5K2 also phosphorylates IP6 to produce 1-IP7. Furthermore, PPIP5K2 has been shown to catalyze a reverse reaction, that is, dephosphorylation of 1,5-IP8
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Nrf and HO are key factors in
2020-12-18

Nrf2 and HO-1 are key factors in the regulation of oxidative stress in the body. Research has shown that KLF2 can activate Nrf2 and HO-1 [14]. To investigate the mechanisms by which KLF2 regulates eNOS uncoupling and oxidative stress, Nrf2 was inhibited or HO-1 was knocked down in KLF2 overexpressin
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In regards to regional variation in
2020-12-18

In regards to regional variation in metabolic behavior of adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue transplantation has been shown to reprogram visceral adipose tissue to have subcutaneous-like phenotypic behavior, whereas visceral-to-subcutaneous transplantation does not promote a more detrimenta
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WNV a member of the genus Flavivirus within the
2020-12-18

WNV, a member of the genus Flavivirus within the family Flaviviridae, was first isolated in 1937 from a febrile woman in the West Nile region of Uganda (Brinton, 2002). Until 1999, WNV was mainly confined to Southern Europe, the Middle East, Africa, West and Central Asia, Indonesia and Australia. In
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An important role for the precursor molecule of the
2020-12-18

An important role for the precursor molecule of the main EBI2 ligand, 25-OHC, in the inhibition of inflammation was recently shown. 25-OHC was demonstrated to inhibit inflammasome induction in mouse macrophages [28]. Inflammasome assemblies are the sites of caspase 1 activation and lead to the gener
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Likewise the conserved cysteine in the E protein is the
2020-12-18

Likewise, the conserved cysteine in the E2 protein is the only residue shown to be essential for the transfer of Ub/Ubl from E2 to the HECT ligases (Dye and Schulman, 2007, Wu et al., 2003). However, all other terminal Ub/Ubl transfer reactions involving E2 enzymes suggest a critical role for the ta
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br APC C Uses a
2020-12-18

APC/C Uses a Dynamic Cullin–RING Mechanism to Elongate Polyubiquitin Chains Human APC/C generates Lys11-linked poly-Ub chains through an entirely different mechanism, via the distinctive E2 enzyme, UBE2S 30, 31, 32. Although APC2 and APC11 are necessary and sufficient to activate UBE2S, the mecha
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E is a classical initiator protein
2020-12-18

E1 is a classical initiator protein and, as such, plays several roles in the initiation and catalysis of viral DNA synthesis. E1 must first recognize a specific segment of the viral SCF, murine recombinant protein known as the “origin of DNA replication”, or “ori” for short. For most PV types exami
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