• br Conclusions br Introduction During

  2024-07-15

  

  Conclusions Introduction During numerous physiological processes, aldehydes are generated from a variety of endogenous and exogenous precursors including amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids [1]. Most aldehydes are highly reactive and cytotoxic due to the strong electrophilic nature of the t

• br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgements We

  2024-07-15

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgements We are very grateful to Maura Agate for her excellent editorial assistance. The work reported in this article was supported largely by the Italian MIUR. Introduction Atenolol is a selective β1-adrenergic receptor blocker that is orally effect

• Numerous studies have reported high glutamate levels in the

  2024-07-15

  

  Numerous studies have reported high glutamate levels in the brains of patients with depression, indicating that the glutamate system plays a crucial role in depression (Sanacora et al., 2004; Kendell et al., 2005; Hashimoto et al., 2007). Furthermore, several clinically effective antidepressant drug

• br Introduction Stroke is a devastating condition that

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  Introduction Stroke is a devastating condition that causes cognitive and motor dysfunction, neurodegenerative diseases and even acute death, and is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide (Chen et al., 2014a, Wang et al., 2016). Thus, exploration or identification of novel therapeuti

• Aurora kinases were initially identified as

  2024-07-15

  

  Aurora kinases were initially identified as protein kinases essential for error-free chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis. Aurora A appears to control premetaphase events, such as bipolar spindle assembly 3, 4, with Aurora B and C directing metaphase and postmetaphase events, including

• br Colorectal carcinoma The growth

  2024-07-15

  

  Colorectal carcinoma The growth rate of murine colon adenocarcinoma tumors decreased upon inhibition of 5-LOX, an enzyme that harbors counteracting properties to 15-LOX [28]. It is not clear whether 15-LOX was associated with this phenomenon, but its expression is induced in the colon carcinoma c

• br Conflicts of interest br Financial

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  Conflicts of interest Financial support This work was supported by grants from the Fondazione Cariplo [Grant number 2011-0463] (Carini); and by Funds for Original Research of the Università del Piemonte Orientale (2016, Project: Carini-Boldorini). The sponsors had no involvement in study desig

• br Material and methods br

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  Material and methods Results Discussion T2D is a substantial threat to global human health [31]. Obesity-associated chronic low-grade inflammation promotes insulin resistance and T2D [32]. In obese individuals, the production of numerous inflammatory molecules including IL-6 and TNF-a is up

• br Apelin The APJ receptor

  2024-07-12

  

  Apelin The APJ receptor ligand apelin firstly in 1998 was segregated from bovine stomach tissue. Human preproapelin gene located on chromosome Xq25–26.1. The apelin preproproteins consist of 77 amino Dorsomorphin residues that are cleaved into biologically active C-terminal fragments of various s

• Since primitive societies plants herbs and seeds rich in phy

  2024-07-12

  

  Since primitive societies, plants, herbs and seeds, rich in phytochemicals, were used due to their benefits in human health. These molecules were shown to present a diverse array of action mechanisms, including antioxidant activity, enzyme stimulation, hormones mimicking and by interfering with DNA

• Pathological angiogenesis occurs when an imbalance of

  2024-07-12

  

  Pathological angiogenesis occurs when an imbalance of endogenous proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors occurs. Although the focus of angiogenesis-related drug development has been geared to the discovery of antiangiogenic compounds for use in pathologies where excessive angiogenesis occurs (cance

• Introduction The burden of cardiovascular disease CVD is und

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  Introduction The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is undisputed, accounting for approximately a third of global deaths (17.5 million people in 2012) (WHO, 2012). Atherosclerosis leads to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) which accounts for more than 40% of these deaths (WHO, 201

• We next developed a system

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  We next developed a system for staging severity. Our guiding principles were the following. Two types of information about the research participant are staged independently from each other: (1) grading disease severity using biomarkers and (2) grading the severity of cognitive impairment. Measures u

• br Aldehyde sensors to monitor substrate

  2024-07-12

  

  Aldehyde sensors to monitor substrate levels Previous efforts to ameliorate metabolic diseases frequently relied on biochemical methods which could measure the levels of toxic substrates in chir99021 or bodily fluids (blood and serum or plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid). Therapeutic efforts to

• In a recent series of

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  In a recent series of studies from our laboratory, to characterize the contractile systems within the rat 740 Y-P wall, three conditions were identified that led to detrusor activity: spontaneous micro-contractions, electrical field stimulated (EFS) contractions and muscarinic agonist induced contr

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